輥 壓 機(jī)
Roller Press
使用說明書
Operating Instruction
江蘇鵬飛集團(tuán)股份有限公司
Jiangsu Pengfei Group CO.,LTD.
目 錄
Contents
第一章 概述
Chapter 1 Summarize
第二章 結(jié)構(gòu)簡介
Chapter 2 Structure Introduction
第三章 技術(shù)性能及參數(shù)
Chapter 3 Technical Performance and Parameters
第四章 基礎(chǔ)要求及供貨范圍
Chapter 4 Foundation Requirements and Scope of Supply
第五章 設(shè)備安裝前注意事項(xiàng)
Chapter 5 Precautions before Equipment Installation
第六章 設(shè)備安裝要求
Chapter 6 Equipment Installation Requirements
第七章 各系統(tǒng)單獨(dú)空載試車及其條件
Chapter 7 Each System Separate No-load Test Run and Its Conditions
第八章 各系統(tǒng)聯(lián)動(dòng)空載及加載試車
Chapter 8 Each System Linkage No-load and Load Test
第九章 設(shè)備的正常操作與運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
Chapter 9 Normal Operation and Running of Equipment
第十章 設(shè)備的檢修
Chapter 10 Equipment Maintenance
第十一章 常見故障分析及排除
Chapter 11 Common Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting
第一章 概 述
Chapter 1 Summarize
輥壓機(jī)是八十年代中期在國際上發(fā)展起來的新型粉碎設(shè)備。以它為主組成的擠壓粉磨新工藝在節(jié)能方面有著顯著的效果,受到國際水泥界的普遍重視,成為發(fā)展粉磨工藝的一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)。
Roller press is a new type of crushing equipment developed internationally in the mid-1980s. The new extrusion grinding technology mainly composed of it has a significant effect in energy saving, and it has been widely valued by the international cement industry and has become a new technology for the development of grinding technology.
該機(jī)應(yīng)用高壓料層粉碎能耗低的原理,采用單顆粒粉碎群體化低工作方式。脆性物料經(jīng)過高壓擠壓(該機(jī)在壓力區(qū)的壓力約為150Mpa)使物料的粒度迅速減小,小于0.08mm的細(xì)粉含量達(dá)到20～30%,小于2mm的物料達(dá)到70%以上,并且在所有經(jīng)擠壓的物料中存在有大量的裂紋,使物料在下一個(gè)工序中粉磨時(shí),所需的能耗大幅度降低。根據(jù)國外有關(guān)資料的報(bào)導(dǎo)和我們已取得的實(shí)際使用經(jīng)驗(yàn),采用此設(shè)備的粉磨系統(tǒng)比未采用該設(shè)備的粉磨系統(tǒng)可增產(chǎn)50～200%。單產(chǎn)電耗可降低20～35%。并且由于磨輥的磨損小,使得單位磨耗大為降低,同時(shí)設(shè)備工作的噪音、粉塵等均較小,改善了工人勞動(dòng)環(huán)境,充分顯示出其卓越的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。
The machine applies the principle of low energy consumption for high-pressure material crushing, and adopts single-particle crushing and grouping low working mode. Brittle materials undergo high-pressure extrusion (the pressure of the machine in the pressure zone is about 150Mpa) to rapidly reduce the particle size of the material. The content of fine powder less than 0.08mm reaches 20-30%, and the material less than 2mm reaches more than 70%. There are a large number of cracks in all extruded materials, which greatly reduces the energy consumption when the materials are ground in the next process. According to the reports of relevant foreign materials and the actual use experience we have obtained, the grinding system with this equipment can increase the output by 50-200% compared with the grinding system without this equipment. Power consumption per unit of production can be reduced by 20 to 35%. And because of the small wear of the grinding roller, the unit wear is greatly reduced. At the same time, the noise and dust of the equipment are relatively small, which improves the working environment of workers and fully demonstrates its excellent economic and social benefits.
輥壓粉碎機(jī)的主體是兩個(gè)相向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的輥?zhàn)印４嘈晕锪嫌奢斔驮O(shè)備,送入裝有稱重傳感器的稱重倉,而后通過輥壓機(jī)的進(jìn)料裝置,進(jìn)入兩大小相同,相對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的輥?zhàn)又g,由輥?zhàn)右幻鎸⑽锪侠胼佅吨?/span>,一面以其間的高壓將物料壓成密實(shí)的物料餅,最后從輥隙中落下,經(jīng)出料斗,由輸送設(shè)備提出。由下一工序?qū)ξ锪巷炞鬟M(jìn)一步的分散或粉磨。
The main body of the roller crusher is two rollers rotating towards each other. The brittle material is sent by the conveying equipment to the weighing bin equipped with the weighing sensor, and then passes through the feeding device of the roller press, and enters between two relatively rotating rollers of the same size, and the material is pulled into the roller gap by the roller side. On one side, the material is pressed into a compact material cake with the high pressure in between, and finally falls from the roll gap, passes through the discharge hopper, and is lifted by the conveying equipment. From the next process, the material cake is further dispersed or ground.
第二章 結(jié)構(gòu)簡介
Chapter 2 Structure introduction
輥壓粉碎機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜,載荷很大,系統(tǒng)、部件較多。為了更好地使用該設(shè)備,必須對(duì)其各個(gè)部件和系統(tǒng)必要的了解。
The structure of the roller crusher is complex, the load is large, and the system and components are many. In order to use the equipment better, it is necessary to understand the various components and systems.
該設(shè)備是由軸系、主機(jī)架,進(jìn)料裝置、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)、潤滑系統(tǒng)、輥罩、檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)組成。見輥壓機(jī)總圖。
The equipment is composed of shaft system, main frame, feeding device, driving system, hydraulic system, lubrication system, roller cover, and detection system. See the general drawing of the roller press.
兩磨輥分別為固定輥與活動(dòng)輥,活動(dòng)輥安裝于機(jī)架內(nèi)腔的導(dǎo)軌上,固定輥固裝于機(jī)架立柱上。進(jìn)料裝置、液壓系統(tǒng)、潤滑系統(tǒng)均安裝在主機(jī)架上。主減速機(jī)—行星減速機(jī)用縮套聯(lián)軸器懸掛在主軸上,由扭矩平衡裝置平衡其輸出扭矩,主電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)力矩通過十字軸式萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸傳給行星減速機(jī)。
The two grinding rollers are respectively fixed roller and movable roller. The movable roller is installed on the guide rail in the inner cavity of the machine frame, and the fixed roller is fixedly installed on the column of the machine frame. The feeding device, hydraulic system and lubrication system are all installed on the main frame. The main reducer-planetary reducer is suspended on the main shaft with shrink sleeve coupling, and its output torque is balanced by torque balance device. The driving torque of the main motor is transmitted to the planetary reducer through the cross shaft universal joint drive shaft.
軸系分兩套,其中一套是固定不動(dòng)的,即固定輥軸系,另一套則是可以在機(jī)架內(nèi)腔作水平方向往復(fù)移動(dòng)的,即移動(dòng)輥軸系。兩磨輥間對(duì)物料形成的高壓是由液壓系統(tǒng)中的液壓缸產(chǎn)生的,當(dāng)無物料通過時(shí),液壓缸產(chǎn)生的力由移動(dòng)輥軸承座經(jīng)中間架傳給固定輥軸承座。不管有無物料通過磨輥,擠壓粉碎力均在機(jī)架上被平衡,基本不傳到基礎(chǔ)上。該設(shè)備中的液壓缸與蓄能器組成一液壓彈簧,保持一較恒定的擠壓粉碎力,同時(shí)兼有安全保護(hù)功能。主電機(jī)采用交流異步電機(jī),整機(jī)采用微機(jī)控制。
The shaft system is divided into two sets, one of which is fixed, that is, the fixed roller shaft system, and the other is capable of reciprocating horizontally in the inner cavity of the frame, that is, the moving roller shaft system. The high pressure on the material formed between the two grinding rollers is generated by the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic system. When no material passes through, the force generated by the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted from the moving roller bearing seat to the fixed roller bearing seat via the intermediate frame. Regardless of whether the material passes through the grinding roller, the squeezing and crushing force is balanced on the frame, and basically not transmitted to the foundation. The hydraulic cylinder and the accumulator in the equipment form the hydraulic spring, which maintains a relatively constant squeezing and crushing force, and also has a safety protection function. The main motor adopts AC asynchronous motor, and the whole machine adopts microcomputer control.
現(xiàn)將該設(shè)備中主要部件簡介如下:
The main components of the equipment are introduced as follows:
一．主軸軸系
1. shaft system of main shaft
該部件由堆焊有一定厚度耐磨材料的磨輥主軸、雙列球面滾子軸承,軸承座以及內(nèi)、外軸承端蓋、定位環(huán)、端面熱電阻、水冷系統(tǒng)等零部件組成。見軸系裝配示意圖。
The component consists of grinding roller main shaft with a certain thickness of wear-resistant material, double-row spherical roller bearings, bearing seats, inner and outer bearing end covers, locating rings, end face thermal resistance, water cooling system and other parts. See the shaft system assembly drawing.
主軸采用分體式,由軸體和軸套兩部分組成,軸套表面堆焊了一層耐磨層,在耐磨層磨損后可在其上直接進(jìn)行補(bǔ)焊修復(fù),若軸套使用到無法修復(fù)的程度,則可更換一新軸套。主軸兩軸承支承處,均為圓錐段,使主軸承的拆卸可借助于超高壓油泵進(jìn)行,便于檢修更換。
The main shaft adopts split type and consists of two parts: the shaft body and the shaft sleeve. The surface of the shaft sleeve is welded with a wear-resistant layer. After the wear-resistant layer is worn out, it can be directly repaired by welding. If the sleeve is used to the extent that it cannot be repaired, it can be replaced with a new sleeve. The two bearing supports of the main shaft are both tapered sections, so that the main bearing can be disassembled with the aid of an ultra-high pressure oil pump, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement.
主軸承采用具有自動(dòng)調(diào)心功能的雙列球面滾子軸承。該軸承具有承載能力大,壽命長的特點(diǎn),并采用智能干油潤滑,保證其具有良好的潤滑條件。
The main bearing adopts the double row spherical roller bearing with self-aligning function. The bearing has the characteristics of large carrying capacity and long life, and uses intelligent dry oil lubrication to ensure good lubrication conditions.
端面熱電阻是用以檢測(cè)主軸承工作溫度的,它緊貼在主軸承的外圈上,保證連續(xù)檢測(cè),報(bào)警,控制主軸承溫度。
The end surface thermal resistance is used to detect the working temperature of the main bearing. It is closely attached to the outer ring of the main bearing to ensure continuous detection, alarm and control the main bearing temperature.
水冷系統(tǒng)是用來降低主軸及軸承的工作溫度,從而使軸系能穩(wěn)定地連續(xù)運(yùn)行。
The water cooling system is used to reduce the working temperature of the main shaft and bearings, so that the shafting system can run stably and continuously.
二．主機(jī)架
2. main frame
主機(jī)架是整個(gè)擠壓粉碎機(jī)的基礎(chǔ), 擠壓粉碎力由其承受。為便于減輕重量全部采用焊接結(jié)構(gòu),由上、下橫梁、左、右立柱、承載銷、定位銷、導(dǎo)軌及聯(lián)接螺栓組等組成。見主機(jī)架裝配示意圖。上、下橫梁、左、右立柱均在焊接后作了整體退火處理,以消除其焊接應(yīng)力。
The main frame is the foundation of the entire extrusion crusher, and the crushing force is borne by it. In order to reduce the weight, all welded structures are adopted, which are composed of upper and lower beams, left and right columns, bearing pins, positioning pins, guide rails and connecting bolt groups. See the main frame assembly drawing. The upper and lower beams, the left and right columns are all annealed after welding to eliminate the welding stress.
上、下橫梁采用工字型結(jié)構(gòu),具有較大的剛度, 左、右立柱采用工字型與箱型結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合的結(jié)構(gòu),同樣具有較高的剛度,使整個(gè)機(jī)架可連接成為一個(gè)剛性的整體。
The upper and lower beams adopt I-shaped structure, which has greater rigidity. The left and right columns adopt the structure that combines I-shaped and box-shaped structures, which also have high rigidity, so that the entire frame can be connected to become a rigid overall.
承載銷主要起到將立柱上所受的粉碎力傳遞到上、下橫梁上去的作用。在安裝時(shí)應(yīng)注意其標(biāo)記。
The load-bearing pin mainly plays the role of transmitting the crushing force on the column to the upper and lower beams. Pay attention to its markings during installation.
定位銷的主要作用是用于確定兩側(cè)上、下橫梁的中心距。
The main function of the positioning pin is to determine the center distance of the upper and lower beams on both sides.
導(dǎo)軌是作為活動(dòng)輥軸承座的導(dǎo)向裝置而設(shè)置的,兩側(cè)的軌寬度有所不同,靠近傳動(dòng)側(cè)的導(dǎo)軌應(yīng)寬些。
The guide rail is set as the guide device of the movable roller bearing seat. The width of the rail on both sides is different, and the guide rail near the driving side should be wider.
螺栓組是確保機(jī)架聯(lián)接的關(guān)鍵所在。因此該高強(qiáng)度螺栓不可用普通螺栓代用,并且在擰緊時(shí)應(yīng)控制擰緊力矩。
The bolt group is the key to ensure the frame connection. Therefore, the high-strength bolts cannot be substituted with ordinary bolts, and the tightening torque should be controlled when tightening.
三．進(jìn)料裝置
3. feeding device
進(jìn)料裝置是保證物料能均勻,定量地進(jìn)入壓力區(qū),并使物料受到良好擠壓的一個(gè)重要裝置。在工作中,物料始終充滿整個(gè)進(jìn)料裝置,由其導(dǎo)向進(jìn)入磨輥的壓力區(qū)。
The feeding device is an important device to ensure that the materials can enter the pressure zone uniformly and quantitatively, and make the materials well squeezed. During work, the material always fills the entire feeding device and is guided by it into the pressure zone of the grinding roller.
進(jìn)料裝置由進(jìn)料筒、閘板、下側(cè)板、支架、絲桿、連杠、電機(jī)減速機(jī)等組成，詳見進(jìn)料裝置裝配隨機(jī)部件圖。
The feeding device is composed of the feeding tube, gate plate, the lower side plate, support, screw rod, connecting rod, and motor reducer. For details, please refer to the random parts assembly drawing of the feeding device.
在側(cè)擋板的下端,既在壓力區(qū)的磨損嚴(yán)重部位設(shè)置了高硬度的硬質(zhì)合金材料。這樣可以減小磨損,提高被擠壓物料的擠壓質(zhì)量。
At the lower end of the side baffle, the high-hardness cemented carbide material is set in the severely worn parts of the pressure zone. This can reduce wear and improve the extrusion quality of the material being extruded.
由閘板、絲桿、連杠、電機(jī)減速機(jī)組成的杠桿式節(jié)能進(jìn)料裝置，由電機(jī)減速機(jī)來控制絲桿，通過連杠來控制閘板的開口大小，從而能達(dá)到控制處理量的作用。
The lever-type energy-saving feeding device composed of gate plate, screw rod, connecting rod, and motor reducer. The screw rod is controlled by the motor reducer, and the opening of the gate is controlled by the connecting rod, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the processing capacity. .
側(cè)板頂緊裝置用以控制側(cè)擋板與磨輥端面的間隙,該裝置是由支架、頂緊螺桿、蝶形彈簧及彈簧座等組成。
The side plate tightening device is used to control the gap between the side baffle plate and the end surface of the grinding roller. The device is composed of bracket, tightening screw, butterfly spring and spring seat.
通過頂緊螺桿可以調(diào)節(jié)側(cè)擋板下端位置與磨輥端面的間隙。調(diào)節(jié)壓板可以對(duì)蝶形彈簧的頂緊力作調(diào)整,使側(cè)擋板在正常工作時(shí)保證與磨輥端面有適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隙,減小磨輥端面的漏料。
The gap between the lower end of the side baffle and the end surface of the grinding roller can be adjusted by tightening the screw. The adjusting pressure plate can adjust the tightening force of the butterfly spring, so that the side baffle can ensure a proper gap with the end face of the grinding roller during normal operation, and reduce the material leakage of the end face of the grinding roller.
四．主電機(jī)和傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)
4. main motor and driving system
主電機(jī)是整套輥壓機(jī)主動(dòng)力源。采用兩臺(tái)高壓三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī),用戶可自購或委托制造商配套。
The main motor is the main power source of the complete roller press. Two high-voltage three-phase asynchronous motors are used, which can be purchased by the user or commissioned by the manufacturer.
傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)采用國際上先進(jìn)的行星減速器懸掛傳動(dòng)裝置。通過縮套聯(lián)軸器將行星減速器的輸出軸剛性地固定在磨輥主軸上(見主軸聯(lián)接圖)。減速器的安裝定位基礎(chǔ)為磨輥主軸,并且減速器可以隨主軸作水平移動(dòng)。減速器的輸出扭矩,由扭矩支承裝置(見扭矩支承裝置示意圖)來平衡。扭矩支承包括一個(gè)四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)和一個(gè)彈性系統(tǒng)。該扭矩支承可以滿足活動(dòng)輥的水平移動(dòng),同時(shí)起到均載、吸振和緩沖的作用,可以使加工、安裝精度降低。四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)中的所有鉸接點(diǎn)均采用帶密封圈的關(guān)節(jié)軸承,適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。彈性系統(tǒng)中的彈性元件采用具有軸向尺寸小,剛度系數(shù)大的蝶形彈簧。在設(shè)備工作中,可以通過調(diào)整裝置,調(diào)節(jié)其彈簧的頂緊力,使彈性系統(tǒng)適應(yīng)設(shè)備負(fù)載的狀況,主電機(jī)與行星減速器之間使用萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸聯(lián)接。由于該萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸設(shè)置在高速端,使其本身所需傳遞的扭矩相對(duì)較小,轉(zhuǎn)速高。并且所用的十字軸萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸具有傳動(dòng)效力高、傳遞扭矩大、傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn)、潤滑條件好、節(jié)點(diǎn)傾角大等特點(diǎn)。
The driving system adopts the international advanced planetary reducer suspension driving device. The output shaft of the planetary reducer is rigidly fixed on the main shaft of the grinding roller through the shrink sleeve coupling (see the main shaft connection drawing). The installation and positioning basis of the reducer is the grinding roller main shaft, and the reducer can move horizontally with the main shaft. The output torque of the reducer is balanced by the torque support device (see the schematic drawing of the torque support device). The torque support includes one four-bar linkage and an elastic system. The torque support can meet the horizontal movement of the movable roller, and at the same time has the functions of load balancing, vibration absorption and buffering, and can reduce the processing and installation accuracy. All articulation points in the four-bar linkage mechanism adopt joint bearings with sealing rings, which is highly adaptable. The elastic element in the elastic system adopts butterfly springs with small axial size and large stiffness coefficient. In the equipment work, the tensioning force of the spring can be adjusted by the adjusting device, so that the elastic system can adapt to the condition of the equipment load. The main motor and the planetary reducer are connected by the universal joint drive shaft. Because the universal joint drive shaft is arranged at the high-speed end, the torque required to transmit by itself is relatively small and the speed is high. And the cross-shaft universal joint drive shaft used has the characteristics of high driving efficiency, large transmission torque, smooth transmission, good lubrication conditions, and large node inclination.
傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中所用到的縮套聯(lián)軸器為一非標(biāo)配套件,它由圓錐縮套、兩個(gè)收縮盤,高強(qiáng)度螺栓組和防塵圈等組成。其工作原理是:擰緊高強(qiáng)度螺栓,使圓錐縮套緊壓減速器的中空軸,并使其發(fā)生彈性變形,緊抱在磨輥主軸軸頸上,利用其間正壓力所產(chǎn)生的磨擦力來起到傳遞扭矩和減速器定位的功能。
The shrink sleeve coupling used in the driving system is the non-standard accessory. It consists of the round tapered shrink sleeve, two shrink disks, the high-strength bolt group and the dust ring. Its working principle is: Tighten the high-strength bolts to make the round tapered shrink sleeve compress the hollow shaft of the reducer, and make it elastically deform, tightly hug the main shaft journal of the grinding roller, and the friction force generated by the positive pressure is used to transmit torque and reducer positioning.
五．液壓系統(tǒng)
5. hydraulic system
液壓系統(tǒng)是為磨輥提供所需的擠壓粉碎力而設(shè)置的,其主要作用是液壓彈簧,兼有液壓保護(hù)功能。它的性能直接影響到擠壓粉碎物料的質(zhì)量和設(shè)備的安全。
The hydraulic system is set up to provide the required squeezing and crushing force for the grinding roller. Its main function is hydraulic spring, which also has hydraulic protection function. Its performance directly affects the quality of crushed materials and the safety of equipment.
該系統(tǒng)由泵站,閥臺(tái)和油缸三大部分組成(見液壓系統(tǒng)圖)。油缸直接安裝在機(jī)架上，閥臺(tái)、泵站集成在油箱上，然后通過管路連接起來。
The system consists of three parts: pump station, valve table and oil cylinder (see hydraulic system drawing). The oil cylinder is directly installed on the frame, and the valve table and pump station are integrated on the oil tank, and then connected by pipelines.
泵站是提供液壓油泵,主要由油泵、油泵電機(jī)、溢流閥、壓力表及濾油器等組成。該泵站的濾油器與加壓主油路串聯(lián)布置,使液壓油經(jīng)過濾油器過濾后進(jìn)入主油路,以避免因雜質(zhì)進(jìn)入主油路可能造成的系統(tǒng)元件的堵塞、系統(tǒng)壓力可根據(jù)操作需要無級(jí)調(diào)節(jié)�？蔁o級(jí)調(diào)節(jié)控制系統(tǒng)所需的壓力。濾油器上附有壓差發(fā)訊裝置,當(dāng)濾油器濾筒堵塞,兩邊壓差達(dá)到一定值時(shí)發(fā)出報(bào)警信號(hào),通知操作人員清洗或更換濾筒。閥臺(tái)部分是液壓系統(tǒng)的主油路和控制油路,由兩只大容量蓄能器和電磁溢流閥等組成。在工作時(shí),四只主油缸通過大直徑管路與兩只蓄能器相連通,使得它們之間的壓力始終相同,油缸的動(dòng)態(tài)特性靈敏,流量大的特點(diǎn),磨輥間一旦進(jìn)入異物,系統(tǒng)壓力升高時(shí),它能及時(shí)打開卸壓,保護(hù)主機(jī)設(shè)備。該溢流閥即可液控,又可電控。在調(diào)試和處理意外事故時(shí),可以按動(dòng)電鈕卸壓或調(diào)整壓力。閥臺(tái)上另設(shè)置有壓力傳感器和電接點(diǎn)壓力表�？梢酝ㄟ^壓力傳感器,將壓力系統(tǒng)壓力信號(hào)輸給主控制室和控制柜,與主機(jī)聯(lián)鎖,也便于操作人員觀察操作。電接點(diǎn)壓力表主要是控制液壓系統(tǒng)壓力的上、下限。控制泵站油泵電機(jī)的啟閉。
The pumping station provides hydraulic oil pumps, which are mainly composed of oil pumps, oil pump motors, overflow valves, pressure gauges and oil filters. The oil filter of the pump station is arranged in series with the pressurized main oil circuit, so that the hydraulic oil enters the main oil circuit after being filtered by the oil filter. In order to avoid the blockage of system components that may be caused by impurities entering the main oil circuit, the system pressure can be steplessly adjusted according to operation needs. The pressure required by the control system can be steplessly adjusted. The oil filter is equipped with the pressure difference signaling device. When the oil filter cartridge is blocked and the pressure difference on both sides reaches a certain value, an alarm signal will be issued to notify the operator to clean or replace the filter cartridge. The valve table is the main oil circuit and control oil circuit of the hydraulic system, which is composed of two large-capacity accumulators and an electromagnetic overflow valve. When working, the four main cylinders are connected to the two accumulators through large-diameter pipelines, so that the pressure between them is always the same. The dynamic characteristics of the cylinders are sensitive and the flow rate is large. Once foreign matter enters the grinding roller room, when the system pressure rises, it can open the pressure relief in time to protect the main equipment. The overflow valve can be controlled hydraulically and electrically. When debugging and handling accidents, you can press the button to relieve or adjust the pressure. The pressure sensor and the electric contact pressure gauge are additionally arranged on the valve table. The pressure signal of the pressure system can be transmitted to the main control room and the control cabinet through the pressure sensor, and it is interlocked with the main machine, which is also convenient for the operator to observe and operate. The electric contact pressure gauge mainly controls the upper and lower limits of the hydraulic system pressure. Control the opening and closing of the oil pump motor of the pump station.
四只油缸直接作用于活動(dòng)輥軸承座上,為磨輥提供適當(dāng)?shù)臄D壓粉碎力。油缸作用力可通過油路控制系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)換使其作用于單邊軸承座或雙邊軸承座,當(dāng)磨輥分邊動(dòng)作時(shí),由位移傳感器對(duì)兩軸承座的水平位移進(jìn)行檢測(cè)控制。油缸由缸體、活塞、端蓋、耐磨環(huán)和密封圈組成。見油缸裝配示意圖,該油缸為雙作用缸,這樣一旦設(shè)備的進(jìn)料系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障�？梢约皶r(shí)用油缸將活動(dòng)輥拉回,增大輥隙,排除故障。
The four oil cylinders directly act on the bearing seat of the movable roller to provide proper crushing force for the grinding roller. The force of the oil cylinder can act on the single-sided bearing seat or the double-sided bearing seat through the conversion of the oil circuit control system. When the grinding roller is separated, the horizontal displacement of the two bearing seats is detected and controlled by the displacement sensor. The oil cylinder is composed of cylinder body, piston, end cover, wear ring and sealing ring. See the cylinder assembly drawing, the cylinder is the double-acting cylinder, so that once the equipment's feeding system fails, the movable roller can be pulled back with the oil cylinder in time to increase the gap and eliminate the fault.
在油缸活塞桿的端面,設(shè)置了一環(huán)面壓頭,以防止因移動(dòng)輥軸線偏斜時(shí),給液壓缸附加徑向載荷。
An annular pressure head is arranged on the end surface of the piston rod of the oil cylinder to prevent additional radial load to the hydraulic cylinder when the axis of the moving roller is deflected.
六．潤滑系統(tǒng)
6. lubrication system
潤滑系統(tǒng)用于主軸承的潤滑,密封以及活動(dòng)輥軸承座的潤滑,該套潤滑系統(tǒng)能適應(yīng)多粉塵的工作環(huán)境,可保證主軸承和活動(dòng)輥軸承座在良好的潤滑狀況下工作。
The lubrication system is used for the lubrication and sealing of the main bearing and the lubrication of the movable roller bearing seat. The lubrication system can adapt to the dusty working environment and can ensure that the main bearing and the movable roller bearing seat work under good lubrication conditions.
該系統(tǒng)分為幾個(gè)部分：控制系統(tǒng)、電動(dòng)加油泵、電動(dòng)潤滑泵電磁給油器、給油管、控制及信號(hào)線路。
The system is divided into several parts: control system, electric fuel pump, electric lubrication pump electromagnetic feeder, feed oil pipe, control and signal circuit.
該系統(tǒng)的控制部分可以控制電動(dòng)加油泵、電動(dòng)潤滑泵啟停，電磁給油器的運(yùn)行；根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的各個(gè)潤滑點(diǎn)的使用情況，控制電磁給油器的開啟、關(guān)閉，實(shí)現(xiàn)控制潤滑點(diǎn)的供油。電磁給油器上安裝接近開關(guān)監(jiān)測(cè)潤滑點(diǎn)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和循環(huán)次數(shù)，將信息反饋給控制系統(tǒng)。
The control part of the system can control the start and stop of the electric refueling pump, the electric lubrication pump, and the operation of the electromagnetic oil feeder; according to the usage of each lubrication point of the field equipment, control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic oil feeder to realize the control of lubrication point oil supply. The proximity switch is installed on the electromagnetic oil feeder to monitor the operating status and cycle times of the lubrication point, and feedback the information to the control system.
控制系統(tǒng)共有三種控制方式：單機(jī)、自動(dòng)和遠(yuǎn)程。
The control system has three control modes: stand-alone, automatic and remote.
（1）單機(jī)是指該干油潤滑系統(tǒng)中的加油泵、潤滑泵和電磁給油器可以在觸摸屏上單獨(dú)任意啟動(dòng)，之間沒有任何的聯(lián)鎖關(guān)系。該控制方式主要用于系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試和檢修。
(1) Stand-alone means that the refueling pump, lubrication pump and electromagnetic oil feeder in the dry oil lubrication system can be started independently on the touch screen without any interlocking relationship. This control method is mainly used for system debugging and maintenance.
（2）自動(dòng)是指在觸摸屏上實(shí)現(xiàn)該系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)、自動(dòng)停止。加油泵、潤滑泵和電磁給油器按照連鎖關(guān)系運(yùn)行：
(2) Automatic refers to the realization of automatic start and automatic stop of the system on the touch screen. The oil pump, lubrication pump and electromagnetic oil feeder operate in a chain relationship:
1）加油泵：當(dāng)系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)運(yùn)行以后，若油箱液位低于下限，則加油泵自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)，液位高于上限，加油泵自動(dòng)停止；
1) Fuel pump: After the system runs automatically, if the fuel tank level is lower than the lower limit, the fuel pump will automatically start, and if the liquid level is higher than the upper limit, the fuel pump will automatically stop;
2）潤滑泵和電磁給油器：潤滑泵的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)主要由電磁給油器決定，只要有一個(gè)電磁給油器得電向潤滑點(diǎn)供油，則潤滑泵就要處于運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，只有當(dāng)所有電磁給油器均失電，潤滑泵在運(yùn)行20S才停止。每個(gè)電磁給油器由循環(huán)次數(shù)和循環(huán)時(shí)間決定其工作與否，在電磁給油器工作以后，系統(tǒng)開始計(jì)數(shù)，當(dāng)電磁給油器的循環(huán)次數(shù)（電磁閥的得失電次數(shù)）達(dá)到設(shè)定值以后，電磁閥立刻自動(dòng)失電，停止向潤滑點(diǎn)供油，進(jìn)入循環(huán)間歇時(shí)間；間歇時(shí)間結(jié)束后，對(duì)應(yīng)電磁給油器進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài)。
2) Lubrication pump and electromagnetic oil feeder: The operating state of the lubrication pump is mainly determined by the electromagnetic oil feeder. As long as one electromagnetic oil feeder is energized to supply oil to the lubrication point, the lubrication pump must be in operation. The electromagnetic oil feeders are all de-energized, and the lubrication pump stops after running for 20 seconds. Each electromagnetic oil feeder is determined by the number of cycles and cycle time whether it is working or not. After the electromagnetic oil feeder is working, the system starts to count. When the number of cycles of the solenoid oil feeder (the number of power gains and losses of the solenoid valve) reaches the set value, the solenoid valve will automatically lose power immediately, stop supplying oil to the lubrication point, and enter the cycle intermittent time; after the intermittent time is over, the corresponding electromagnetic oil feeder enters the working state.
（3）遠(yuǎn)程是指設(shè)備由來自中控室的驅(qū)動(dòng)信號(hào)控制其啟動(dòng)、停止，系統(tǒng)接收遠(yuǎn)程連鎖信號(hào)、反饋故障信號(hào)。處于遠(yuǎn)程控制方式時(shí)，設(shè)備的運(yùn)行過程和自動(dòng)控制方式時(shí)相同。
(3) Remote means that the equipment is controlled to start and stop by the drive signal from the central control room, and the system receives remote interlock signals and feedback fault signals. When in remote control mode, the operation process of the equipment is the same as in automatic control mode.
該系統(tǒng)可以完全實(shí)現(xiàn)全自動(dòng)潤滑。并能手動(dòng)/自動(dòng)切換功能。每點(diǎn)供油量由時(shí)間控制現(xiàn)場(chǎng)任意設(shè)定，性能可靠、技術(shù)先進(jìn)，是理想的電腦程控潤滑系統(tǒng)，詳細(xì)資料請(qǐng)查閱潤滑系統(tǒng)使用說明書。
The system can fully realize fully automatic lubrication. And can manually/automatically switch function. Each point of oil supply is arbitrarily set by the time control site, with reliable performance and advanced technology. It is an ideal computer-controlled lubrication system. For details, please refer to the lubrication system manual.
七．檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)
7. detecting system
檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)作為檢測(cè)控制各個(gè)信號(hào)和參數(shù)而分布在各系統(tǒng)中。由檢測(cè)元件檢測(cè)出來的信號(hào),實(shí)現(xiàn)各系統(tǒng)間的聯(lián)鎖,指示和報(bào)警。實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)備的自動(dòng)控制。
The detection system is distributed in each system as detection and control of various signals and parameters. The signal detected by the detection element realizes the interlocking, indication and alarm between the systems. Realize the automatic control of equipment.
1.兩磨輥間的輥隙檢測(cè)
1. Roll gap detection between two grinding rolls
輥隙檢測(cè)采用兩只感應(yīng)式位移傳感器,分別設(shè)置在活動(dòng)輥的兩軸承座上,通過該傳感器可以隨時(shí)反映出兩磨輥的輥隙,也即反映出物料餅的厚度。當(dāng)兩軸承座移動(dòng)不均勻時(shí),也可反映出偏差的大小。當(dāng)兩軸承座中之一或兩軸承座同退至設(shè)定的最大位移時(shí),即發(fā)出報(bào)警,并聯(lián)鎖停主電機(jī),保證設(shè)備安全。
Roll gap detection uses two inductive displacement sensors, which are respectively set on the two bearing seats of the movable roller. The sensor can reflect the gap of the two grinding rollers at any time, that is, reflect the thickness of the material cake. When the two bearing seats move unevenly, the deviation can also be reflected. When one of the two bearing seats or both bearing seats retract to the set maximum displacement, an alarm is issued and the main motor is locked in parallel to ensure the safety of the equipment.
2.主軸承溫度檢測(cè)
2. Main bearing temperature detection
主軸承溫度檢測(cè)用端面鉑熱電阻。每個(gè)軸承分別檢測(cè)。端面熱電阻緊帖在軸承的外圈上,隨時(shí)檢測(cè)、反映主軸承的工作溫度。當(dāng)工作溫度達(dá)到設(shè)定的最大值時(shí),即發(fā)出報(bào)警,通知操作人員。
The end face platinum thermistor is used for main bearing temperature detection. Each bearing is tested separately. The thermal resistance of the end face is tightly attached to the outer ring of the bearing to detect and reflect the working temperature of the main bearing at any time. When the working temperature reaches the set maximum value, an alarm is issued to notify the operator.
3.液壓系統(tǒng)壓力檢測(cè)
3. Hydraulic system pressure detection
液壓系統(tǒng)壓力檢測(cè)采用壓力傳感器。該傳感器將信號(hào)檢測(cè)出傳至主機(jī)控制柜,當(dāng)系統(tǒng)壓力超過所設(shè)定的最大系統(tǒng)壓力時(shí),即發(fā)出報(bào)警、并隨即停止主傳動(dòng)電機(jī)。
Pressure sensor is used for hydraulic system pressure detection. The sensor detects the signal and transmits it to the main machine control cabinet. When the system pressure exceeds the set maximum system pressure, an alarm is issued and the main drive motor is stopped immediately.
4.潤滑系統(tǒng)工作檢測(cè)
4. Lubrication system work detection
潤滑系統(tǒng)工作檢測(cè)采用接近開關(guān)。該接近開關(guān)安裝在系統(tǒng)分油器上,當(dāng)分油器正常工作時(shí), 接近開關(guān)每隔一相同的時(shí)間動(dòng)作指示一次,當(dāng)某一油路阻塞時(shí),則接近開關(guān)始終不動(dòng)作。但必須注意的是,分油器或者接近開關(guān)的動(dòng)作前提,必須是以潤滑油泵電機(jī)工作正常和貯油筒中未斷油脂為前提條件。
The lubrication system work detection adopts the proximity switch. The proximity switch is installed on the system oil separator. When the oil separator is working normally, the proximity switch will operate at the same time interval. When a certain oil circuit is blocked, the proximity switch will not operate. But it must be noted that the preconditions for the action of the oil separator or proximity switch must be the normal operation of the lubricating oil pump motor and the unbroken grease in the oil storage tank.
5.液壓泵站濾油器壓差報(bào)警
5. Hydraulic pump station oil filter pressure difference alarm
濾油器的壓差報(bào)警,采用壓差發(fā)訊裝置。當(dāng)濾油器使用一段時(shí)間后,過濾下的雜質(zhì)可能將濾筒堵塞,造成濾油器兩邊油路壓差增大,當(dāng)增大至一定數(shù)值時(shí),即由主控制柜發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警信號(hào)。值得注意的是:只有當(dāng)濾油器工作時(shí)才會(huì)發(fā)出信號(hào)。
The differential pressure alarm of the oil filter adopts the differential pressure signaling device. When the oil filter is used for a period of time, the filtered impurities may block the filter cartridge, causing the pressure difference between the two sides of the oil filter to increase. When it increases to a certain value, the main control cabinet sends out an audible and visual alarm signal. It is worth noting that the signal will only be sent when the oil filter is working.
八．輥罩
8. roller cover
輥罩的主要作用:其一是防止發(fā)生意外的人員傷亡和設(shè)備損壞亊故;其二是起到密封、減少揚(yáng)塵的作用。在兩輥罩上均開有觀察檢修門孔,可以在設(shè)備運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)隨時(shí)檢查輥面磨損情況。
The main function of the roller cover: One is to prevent accidental casualties and equipment damage; the other is to seal and reduce dust. Both roller covers are provided with observation and inspection door holes, so that the wear of the roller surface can be checked at any time when the equipment is running.
